First Law of Thermodynamics - Definition

The first law of thermodynamics is the physical law which states that the total energy of a system and its surroundings remain  constant. The law is also known as the law of conservation of energy, which states energy can transform from one form into another, but can neither be created nor destroyed within an isolated system. Perpetual motion machines of the first kind are impossible, according to the first law of thermodynamics. In other words, it is not possible to construct an engine that will cycle and produce work continuously from nothing. First Law of Thermodynamics Equation The equation for the first law can be confusing because there are two different sign conventions in use. In physics, particularly when discussing heat engines, the change in the energy of a system equals the heat flow in the system from the surroundings minus the work done by the system on the surroundings. The equation for the law may be written: ΔU Q - W Here, ΔU is the change in the internal energy of a closed system, Q is the heat supplied to the system, and W is the amount of work done by the system on the surroundings. This version of the law follows the sign convention of Clausius. However, the IUPAC uses the sign convention proposed by Max Planck. Here, net energy transfer to a system is positive and net energy transfer from a system are negative. The equation then becomes: ΔU Q W Sources Adkins, C. J. (1983). Equilibrium Thermodynamics (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-25445-0.Bailyn, M. (1994). A Survey of Thermodynamics. American Institute of Physics Press. New York. ISBN 0-88318-797-3.Denbigh, K. (1981). The Principles of Chemical Equilibrium With Applications in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. Cambridge UK. ISBN 0-521-23682-7.

Justice in Hamlet - 1412 Words

In the revenge play of Hamlet, the idea of poetic justice can be seen throughout the play various times. Shakespeare allows the reader to understand the mistakes of each character by killing them off in a justly manner. While seeking revenge, the main characters of the play earn their poetic ending, permitting Shakespeare to restore the karmic balance of the play. Claudius, Leartes, Polonius, are all killed poetically as a direct result of their actions, while Ophelia is used to reiterate the poetic justices in the other character because of the fact that she is not killed poetically. Claudius poisoned King Hamlet in order to become King himself. While he feels the guilt of killing his brother, Claudius doesn’t want to give up the fruits†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Marry, well said, very well said. Look you, sir, Inquire me first what Danskers are in Paris, And how, and who, what means, and where they keep What company at what expense; and finding By this encompassment and drift of question That they do know my son, come you more nearer Than your particular demands will touch it. Take you, as twere, some distant knowledge of him, As thus: â€Å"I know his father and his friends, And, in part, him.† Do you mark this, Reynaldo? (A.II.sc.i.ln 6-15).† Polonius wants to know what is Laertes doing and has sent Reynaldo to do his spying for him. We can see how these actions and character traits will continue throughout the play and will lead to his poetic death. Even though his death is an accident, he gets what he deserves because he is wher e he shouldn’t be: the King and Queen’s chambers. Hamlet thinks he is Claudius and that is why he kills him. When Hamlet finds out that it is, in fact, Polonius he says, â€Å"Thou wretched, rash, intruding fool, farewell. I took thee for thy better. Take thy fortune. Thou findst to be too busy is some danger. (A.III.sc.iv.ln 32-34).† Polonius’ death is the most notable act of poetic justice in the play. Shakespeare uses this character’s death to show the audience how snooping and meddling into other people’s business is morally wrong and you will be punished for it accordingly. The character of Ophelia is driven to insanityShow MoreRelatedRevenge And Justice In Hamlet968 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Revenge is the act of passion, vengeance is an act of justice.† Many people seek revenge and try to disguise it as justice. Revenge can either be justifiable or unjustifiable based on the circumstances of the offense. Someone’s vengeance can be the establishment of justice, but revenge is not always justice. Revenge is defined as the action of inflicting hurt or harm on someone for an injury or wrong suffered at their hands (Webster Dictionary). Justice is based on actions while revenge is based on feelingsRead MoreHamlet s Search For Justice1294 Words   |  6 Pagesunique circumstances that dictate their life long search for justice, often coming up empty-handed. One character that exemplifies this model of a person in searching for justice appears in Shakespeare’s novel, Hamlet. The title character, Hamlet, understands justice in terms of a noble revenge, but fails to take action, due to his weak disposition to act on his thoughts. Hamlet’s search for justice was not successful because his sense of â€Å"justice† was flawed, ultimately leading not only to his own deathRead MoreExamples Of Justice And Forgiveness In Hamlet951 Words   |  4 PagesCan justice and forgiveness go hand in hand? Can a man with the lust for blood and revenge punish and forgive his indicted villain? As much as we would love to think that it’s possible to punish and forgive, we would only be clouding our judgement when we know full well that we cannot have both. To forgive means to stop feeling angry or resentful toward someone for an offense, flaw, or mistake. Justice means the action of punishing or correcting something or someone that is not behaving accordingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Tainted Justice1426 Words   |  6 PagesRahul Sehrawat Ms. Piacente ENG4U1-07 Friday, May 20, 2016 Tainted Justice In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, one of the major themes is justice. Hamlet, the prince of Denmark, vows to avenge his father’s murder and does so in Act 5, scene 2 by killing Claudius. This play can be seen as a trial and after tracing the courtroom imagery, it can be concluded that justice is served in Act 5, scene 2. In order for a trial to commence, there has to be some form of disruption. Shakespeare leaves no stoneRead MoreHamlet s Internal Conflict And Search For Justice2309 Words   |  10 PagesHamlet faces challenges throughout the play that try his inner strengths and test his ability to handle the situation. He is torn between wanting to seek justice, and avenge his father’s death. Hamlet is also caught up in an intricate web of lies and deceit, he is considered mad by most characters when in all actuality it is just playing off of the actions of others to benefit himself. He puts on different acts trying to hide the truth, which makes him seem sincerely mad to the people around himRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1185 Words   |  5 Pagesracial discrimination is prominent. Hamlet is a tragic play, written about the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, involving incest, murder, and dishonesty. The above literatures are written during different periods of time and are contrastive in numerous aspects. However, both literatures are comprised of numerous scenes where the main characters deal with situations that test their morality and values. Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird and Hamlet in Hamlet, are asked to determine the fate ofRead MoreEssay Hesitation in William Shakespeares Hamlet1076 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet In Shakespeare?s Hamlet, a ghost tells Hamlet that his uncle, Claudius, is responsible for the death of his father. Hamlet is driven to reveal the truth of his father?s death and seeks to avenge his murder to achieve justice. In his quest to right the wrongdoing, Hamlet delays acting toward justice for many reasons. The main factor for Hamlet?s hesitation is attributed to his self-discipline. He lacks of ability to act on his emotions. Hamlet is an intelligent, moralRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet, The Prince Of Denmark985 Words   |  4 Pages William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, The Prince of Denmark has remained to be the most astonishing of William Shakespeare’s tragedies. It is widely known to be considered as a philosophy or drama based play, but moral center is universally acknowledged. The characters in Hamlet persistently struggle with the power of their consciences, as they are tempted to satisfy their innermost desires. Hamlet, The Prince of Denmark, is bestowed upon the strenuous task of taking justice into his hands to avenge hisRead MoreHamlet As A Tragic Hero1305 Words   |  6 Pagesof sorrow, pity, or understanding of someone else’s misfortune. Hamlet, in this case, is the tragic hero due to many different sources that cause the reader to have an immense amount of sympathy for him. A series of events such as murder, failed relationships, and all the madness, created the feeling of sympathy from the audience. These specific sources cause the reader to see the development of the overall themes of deceit, justice, and revenge. Deceit is one of the main themes presented throughoutRead MoreComparison of Hamlet and the Lion King991 Words   |  4 Pagesdepiction of good and evil character in Hamlet is not so clear. The characters in The Lion King are categorised almost immediately in the orientation of the film, with the image of the characters giving the audience a clear picture of who the suspected betrayer is. However in the play Hamlet it’s a lot more difficult to label the characters as good or evil, the audience cannot be certain that Claudius is evil until the climax when he reacts to the play organised by Hamlet. There is a clear distinction between

Mabo Study Guide Free Essays

Contents claim’s success. It also examines broader concepts such as colonisation, land rights and native title— in Australia and internationally—and looks at what happened in the past and what is happening now. Combining CD-ROMs with a website and online data- base, the project brings together a documentary video with hundreds of specially created audio-visual sequences and a wealth of text and images from primary and secondary sources. We will write a custom essay sample on Mabo Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now These teachers notes will help you explore the poten- tial of the materials. They provide summaries, set the resources within an educational framework, explain some uses of the key tools and features, and suggest classroom activities. The materials cross disciplines and can be used at different year levels. The variety of media makes it easier for different students to access the content. It’s assumed that you’ll pick and choose from the vast amount of material available, adapting for a year level, the needs of a particular group of students and your school in your part of Australia. Levels and audience Senior secondary, undergraduate and research at adult levels Key learning areas Aboriginal Studies, Australian Studies, English, Indigenous Studies, Studies of Society and Environment, History, Legal Studies, Politics, Information Technology, and multimedia across the curriculum Introduction Background information 2 Features and uses 4 Designing a unit of work 5 Selecting a starting point 6 Activity suggestions 6 Introduction Mabo is the name that’s identified with a legal revolution in Australia. But Mabo was not just a court case: Eddie Mabo was a man—an obstinate, difficult and passionate human being, who was consumed with preserving the culture of a tiny island. ’ Trevor Graham, co-author/director of Mabo—The Native Title Revolution In 1992, the High Court of Australia put an end to the legal fiction that Australia was empty before it was occupied by Europeans. It upheld the claim of Eddie ‘Koiki’ Mabo and his fellow plaintiffs that Murray Islanders were the traditional owners of land on the island of Mer in the Torres Strait. Mabo—The Native Title Revolution delves into the Mabo legal case and the important issues it raises for Australians and indigenous peoples everywhere. This multimedia resource gives an overview of the case and provides an insight into Torres Strait Islander culture and Eddie Mabo himself—both were crucial to the TEACHERS NOTES 1 FILM AUSTRALIA †¢ PAGE 1 How to cite Mabo Study Guide, Essay examples

Practical Play work Development

Executive Summary This paper focuses upon the examining the aim and objectives of Little Dreams Nursery and determining the importance of team work. In this paper, a framework is developed which is effective for developing the standard of service provided by Little Dreams Nursery. Moreover, this paper identifies various powers and explains the distribution of power in Little Dreams Nursery. This report emphasizes on analyzing the effectiveness of team work in context of Little Dreams Nursery for achieving its aims and objectives. Table of Contents Executive Summary. 2 Introduction. 4 Aim and Objectives of Teamwork. 4 Soft Systems Methodology in context of Little Dreams Nursery. 8 Types of Power. 10 Distribution of Power. 11 Effectiveness of the Organization in Achieving Aims. 12 Conclusion. 12 References. 14 Introduction Little Dreams Nursery offers quality experience to the children from six weeks to five years. As team work always helps in enhancing performance, it can also be applied in children learning and development framework. Nursery play schools provide service to the children and make them involved in various activities. There are various jobs in a nursery performed by a group o staffs. Teams can be developed in accordance to their nature of job. This will lead to better performance as everybody will concentrate upon his/her own job responsibilities. Moreover, team work helps in maintaining integrity of an agency. In case of Little Dreams Nursery, the several teams are developed in accordance to its aims ad objectives. The effectiveness of each team depends upon distribution of power and exercise of power. The power distribution in Little Dreams Nursery is also discussed n this paper. Aim and Objectives of Teamwork Team work always helps in enhancing the performance of an agency and leads to achieve the objectives. Teams in the agency must be built in order to effectively fulfill the aims of the agency. Little Dreams Nursery aims to provide a safe a healthy environment to the children aged between six weeks to five years. In every stage, they are made involved in different types of activities. Teams are built to cater various activities of the children. Teams are motivated to achieve a common goal along with its team members. In Little Dreams Nursery teams are built so that each team can cater to specific activities. Various activities are carried out by several staffs of Little Dreams Nursery. The teams are developed so that job responsibilities can be clearly designated. Each team will focus on performing its own job along with its team members. The job role of the team members must be defined clearly. Hence, effective teams in Little Dreams Nursery will assist in achieving the aims and objec tives of providing safe, welcoming, healthy and happy atmosphere to the children aged between six weeks to five years (Little Dreams Nursery, 2014). In this section it is discussed how teams of Little Dreams Nursery helps in proving quality experience for the children. Little Dreams Nursery has a consistent security entry system which is managed by a team containing selected team members. The objective of the team is to ensure authorized entrance to the nursery premises. The security team is responsible for dealing with the security issues of nursery. It has communicated to the requirement of notification in order to know the authorized person to collect children from nursery. The security team of Little Dreams Nursery does not allow the children to leave nursery premises with an unauthorized person. This rule is strictly followed by the security team of Little Dreams Nursery. A team is built for taking care of the children in the introductory period. A team consisting of team members having knowledge of children communication and psychology deals with the children in the initial session. This session takes place before the actual or full day session starts. The aim of the introductory sessions is to make the child used to with that particular environment and people. Expert team members having relevant sill interact with the children to make him/ her accustomed with the nursery. In this period, the parents are allowed to join with the children. The team members are responsible for deciding upon the length of the introductory period. The objective is to make the children feel relaxed and comfortable in the nursery setting. A team is built in Little Dreams Nursery for monitoring the children in small Baby Room and preparing daily report for the children. The daily report is handed over to the parents as a useful reference. The daily report sheet will contain the eating as well as sleeping patterns, consumption of fluid, frequency of toileting etc. It is also informed whether any abnormality is observed in the daily activities. Moreover, daily reports contain the detailed information about the participation of children in different activities. In Little Dreams Nursery, there is a room where children can sleep. In the sleep room a small team consisting two members monitors the children. The responsibility of the team members is to check whether suitable arrangements have been made where the children can sleep. The team must ensure that the bed linens are clean and properly settled. They are also responsible for maintaining calm atmosphere in the sleep room so that children can have uninterrupted sleep. A team is developed in Little Child Nursery for keeping track of the progress of the children. This nursery aims to provide superior experiences by organizing quality activities as per Curriculum for Excellence. It tries to promote development of children through learning in eight areas. It is very important to assess the development or progress of a child. A team is responsible for preparing the progress report of the children. The teachers or educators who made the children involved in the activities are the best person for assessing their progress. The progress report is sent to the parents twice in a year. Moreover, the parents can anytime approach this team to get an insight about the childs progress (Little Dreams Nursery, 2014). Little Child Nursery follows the Curriculum for experience for promoting childrens development. In order to enable children to become an effective, confident and successful learner as well as a responsible contributor to the society most importance must be given to activity planning. Undoubtedly it is one of the most difficult as well as significant task. A team must be developed consisting experienced and expert individuals n order to plan nursery activities for meeting achieving the desired learning outcomes. The activity plan must be flexible and address the individual need and interest. The activity plans will be different for various developmental stages. The activities for children below three years are less structured and focus upon responsive learning. On the other hand, activity planning for children above three years is structured and emphasizes on the learning outcome. The team responsible for designing activities plays a crucial role in attaining the objectives of Little Dreams Nursery (Little Dreams Nursery, 2014). Little Dreams Nursery provides superior quality healthy lunch to the children. A two course lunch is offered by the nursery which consist high standard ingredients. A team is built for catering the lunch of the children. The role for team members must be designated. Some members are responsible for preparing meals and some will assist in serving those. The team must designate a member who will monitor the standard of the meals and make sure all the ingredients are fresh and healthy for children. Moreover, few team members will feed the babies and teach the children how to eat (Little Dreams Nursery, 2014). A team must be built for taking care of the cleanliness and hygiene of the children. Sometimes, children take part in some activities which makes their clothes dirty. The team members must encourage the children to wear apron when needed. The team members are responsible for ensuring all children who belong to the age group of three to five have brushed their teeth regularly after lunch. A small team must be built with experts who can handle the children suffering from illness. Sometimes, children get injured while involved in the activities. The team will be responsible for providing comfort to the ill children. Moreover, if the child is detected with infectious disease the team members must provide separate accommodation so that it does not affect other children (Little Dreams Nursery, 2014). All the teams in Little Dreams Nursery should promote positive behaviors. The children must be encouraged and praised from all the team members. The children must feel protected and it is the responsibility of every team member. Children must receive enough attention in order to fulfill their needs (Drake, 2009). This is an effective way in which various teams with designated job responsibilities will perform together in order to achieve the aims and objectives of Little Dreams Nursery. Soft Systems Methodology in context of Little Dreams Nursery Soft Systems Methodology is an approach that assists in identifying solution for real world problems. This methodology was developed by Peter Chuckland. The Soft Systems Methodology can be described with the aid of following diagram: In order to build a rich picture three analyses are required. First analysis will involve scrutiny of the intervention. Second analysis will examine the roles, rules and regulations and values. Third analysis is known as political analysis which will be responsible for distribution of power, list of activities needed to be done for influencing people etc. Analysis of the intervention will give a vivid idea about the problem situation. In context of Little Dreams Nursery, the problem situation is it needs to develop teams for achieving the objectives efficiently. By analyzing the social system, the roles of each team and team members must be designated. The regulatory framework and the objective of Little Dreams Nursery must be defined clearly while assigning various job roles. Political system analysis will help in distribution of power in a specific agency. Types of Power There are different types of power that re relevant in case f Little Dreams Nursery. Various type of powers are discussed below: Position Power Position power is also known as the legitimate power. This power is naturally gained by people who are in higher position. The organizational hierarchy gives the authority to control the sub-ordinate people. For example, CEO or owner of an organization has the control over entire organization in terms of setting goals and determining the direction of various activities. Expert Power Expert power can be achieved when a person gains enough knowledge about a certain job or task. Expert power is generated from individual skill as well as experiences. When a person gains knowledge from real life problems and he can use it in other problems. Thus a person becomes expert in solving challenging issues in a specific area (Kadushin and Harkness, 2002). Dependence Power Dependence power can be referred to the power which can be gained from others influence. In other terms when a person receives favor from a powerful person it is known as dependence power. In most of the cases, dependence power is gained from short period of time for carrying out a specific activity. Personal Power Personal power can be gained when a person is respected and trusted for his qualities. A person gets trusted for its previous works and skills. Very often, power is given to a person when it is observed that the person has been able to managed difficult situations. Distribution of Power Right distribution of power helps to achieve the desired goals of an organization. In Little Dreams Nursery, the distribution of power is very significant. The children are served in this nursery and any mismanagement or misuse of power will affect the children. Gillian McKnight is the owner of the Little Dreams Nursery. She has the legitimate of position power. She has greater control over the nursery and its activities. She has experience of fifteen years in childcare sector. Hence she also has the expert power. Mrs. McKnight can always give suggestions and take decisions regarding management of several activities in the nursery. She is responsible for monitoring the everyday activities of Little Dreams Nursery a well as running the nursery. Mrs. McKnight has the power to deal with all types of childcare issues, management of employees, monitoring the quality of service provided by the staffs etc. The nursery is extensively dependent upon the use of power by Gillian McKnight. The co-owner and manager of Little Dreams Nursery is Michelle Macrae. Being an owner and manager Mrs. Macrae has the position power or legitimate power. She is also experienced in childcare and child education. Formerly, she had worked in two nurseries as manager. She can apply the expert power in resolving issues regarding childcare, staff management etc. She monitors all the activities of nursery and takes decision in order to improve the quality of service. Misuse of the position power very often affects the agency. She must be careful in exercising power. Various teams are developed in Little Dreams Nursery and each team must be headed by a team leader. The team leader will be responsible for designating tasks among the team members. The team members must be given independence in order to perform their task effectively. But, if any misuse of power is observed, it must be informed to the manager and owner of the nursery. Name Position Power Gillian McKnight Owner Position Power, Expert power Michelle Macrae Co-owner, Manager Position Power, Expert power Ainsley Bruce Security Team Leader Position Power Dolina Gordon Introductory Session team Leader Expert Power Gracie Aiken Sleeping Room Monitor Position Power Ina Gibson Progress Report Team Leader Expert Power, Personal Power Finola Patton Team leader: Activity Planning Expert Power Kenzy Norris Team leader: lunch Expert Power, personal power, Position Power Margaret Sterling Nursing Expert Power Effectiveness of the Organization in Achieving Aims Little Dreams Nursery has a lot of potential to provide quality experience to the children belonging to the age group of six week to five years. The aim of the nursery can be achieved if the above stated teams are built and each team member performs efficiently. The nursery follows the best practice described by the National care Standard. Additionally, code of practice indicated by Scottish Social Services Council is followed by Little Dreams Nursery. Getting it Right for Every Children (GIRFEC) approach is applied by the nursery for transforming the children into a confident learner and successful contributor. The nursery treats every child equally irrespective of their nationality, religion, caste ad gender. Little Dreams Nursery emphasizes on promoting positive behavior by encouraging and praising the children. The feedback of parents is considered for improving the quality of service and the parents are encouraged to share their inputs (Little Dreams Nursery, 2014). Conclusion The above discussion can be summarized by saying, Little Dreams Nursery have enough potential to achieve its aims effectively by building efficient teams. According to the nature of task, teams must be built. With the aid of Soft Systems Methodology, various types of power and distribution of power in Little Dreams Nursery are discussed. Little Dreams Nursery effectively follows the prescribed guidelines by Scottish Social Services Council, National Care Standard and Child at the Centre. Hence, team work profile must be developed in order to achieve the aims and objectives of the agency. Moreover, distribution of power is an important aspect that helps in achieving the aims of Little Dreams Nursery. References Drake, J. (2009).Planning for children's play and learning. 1st ed. London: Routledge. Kadushin, A. and Harkness, D. (2002).Supervision in social work. 1st ed. New York: Columbia University Press, p.89. Little Dreams Nursery, (2014).Aims and Objectives - Little Dreams Nursery. [online] Available at: https://www.littledreamsnursery.com/aims-and-objectives [Accessed 12 Jul. 2014]. Little Dreams Nursery, (2014).Healthy Eating - Little Dreams Nursery. [online] Available at: https://www.littledreamsnursery.com/healthy-eating [Accessed 12 Jul. 2014]. Little Dreams Nursery, (2014).Information - Little Dreams Nursery. [online] Available at: https://www.littledreamsnursery.com/information [Accessed 12 Jul. 2014]. West, M. (2012).Effective teamwork. 1st ed. Malden, Mass. [u.a.]: BPS Blackwell. Wilson, B. (2001).Soft systems methodology. 1st ed. Chichester: Wiley.